The rotor of a medical centrifuge is critical.

　　 Medical centrifuge The rotor is the key component, yet there aren't many centrifuge rotors on the market that are truly industry-standard. The crucial factor lies in whether a particular rotor is suitable for the intended application. Among the various rotors supplied with medical centrifuges manufactured by Shanghai Luxiangyi Centrifuge Instrument Co., Ltd., the rotors with the lowest maximum speeds do not pose the greatest risk of “explosion.” This is because such rotors are smaller and lighter; although they can reach relatively high speeds, their moment of inertia is not the highest. By contrast, when the rotor with the largest moment of inertia at its maximum speed “explodes,” the resulting force is the most severe. Another important aspect of mechanical safety design for medical centrifuges is that, in the event of a rotor “explosion” at its maximum speed, no fragments should be ejected outside the machine, and the lid must remain securely closed. These requirements must also be confirmed through rigorous testing.
　　With the exception of medical centrifuges with smaller processing capacities, all medical centrifuges are equipped with a refrigeration system to counteract the heat generated by the rotor during high-speed rotation, thereby ensuring the stability of biological samples throughout the centrifugation process. The operating temperature of high-speed refrigerated medical centrifuges typically ranges from 4 to 6°C, with temperature control required to within ±2°C. Some medical centrifuges are also fitted with a vacuum system; however, unlike the high vacuum found in ultracentrifuges, this is a partial vacuum at a relatively low degree of vacuum. The purpose of this partial vacuum is to reduce frictional heating of the rotor in air, minimize rotor rotation noise, and help lighten the motor load, thus extending the service life of the drive system.
　　The primary specifications of medical centrifuges are their maximum rotational speed and maximum rotor capacity. Due to mechanical strength constraints, smaller rotors can achieve higher maximum rotational speeds, whereas larger-capacity rotors have lower maximum speeds. High-speed refrigerated medical centrifuges typically feature rotors with a maximum capacity of 6 × 500 ml, with a typical maximum rotational speed of 10,000 rpm (approximately 18,000 g). In recent years, rotors with a capacity of 6 × 1,000 ml and a maximum speed of about 8,000 rpm (approximately 16,000 g) have become available; however, these rotors are relatively more expensive. High-speed refrigerated medical centrifuges capable of generating a relative centrifugal force (RCF) of up to 100,000 g—especially those equipped with vertical rotors—can partially replace the applications traditionally served by ultracentrifuges. Of course, the centrifugation time required for such high-speed refrigerated centrifuges is somewhat longer than that for ultracentrifuges.
　　It all depends on the designer’s level of knowledge and experience. If no permanent deformation is allowed, there’s currently no material available to humanity that could meet that requirement; yet if excessive deformation is permitted, the resulting service life would be far too short. Within the scope of our experiments, we also conducted comparative measurements on Hitachi’s RP83T rotor, and the results showed that the domestically produced rotor outperformed the Hitachi rotor. Unfortunately, we later had to halt our work, causing the rare and critical technological advantage we’d achieved to gradually fade away in the history of China’s development of medical centrifuges—resulting in the absence of domestically produced medical centrifuges on the market even today.
　　The medical centrifuge is a filter-type centrifuge featuring manual upper discharge, direct-drive motor connected to the rotor, and intermittent operation. It is suitable for separating suspensions containing solid particles larger than 0.01 mm; these solid particles can be in granular, crystalline, or fibrous forms. The machine can also be used for dewatering bulk items such as yarn bundles and textiles. This centrifuge boasts several advantages: simple structure, convenient operation, flexibility to adjust each operational step according to requirements, thorough washing of filter residues, resistance to damage of solid particles, and strong adaptability. Since the medical centrifuge directly transmits power from a dedicated motor to the rotor without using friction-based transmission components such as clutches or V-belts, it is particularly well-suited for applications requiring sterility or explosion-proof performance.