Medical centrifuges excel in the medical field.

　　 Medical centrifuge It is widely used in the medical field; at the microscopic level, both cells and DNA molecules require centrifuges for separation and research. These high-speed centrifuges typically operate at speeds ranging from over 5,000 rpm to below 60,000 rpm, generating centrifugal forces tens of thousands of times greater than Earth's gravitational acceleration, thus enabling the separation of tiny molecular components. For blood separation, a medical centrifuge operating at 3,000 rpm is usually sufficient. Currently, most manufacturers are capable of producing such centrifuges, and they have proven highly effective in practical applications. In contrast, centrifuges used in pharmaceutical purification and refining processes are generally low-speed centrifuges, with rotational speeds below 3,000 rpm. These machines feature large processing capacities and, to meet GMP standards and requirements in pharmaceutical production, are typically constructed from stainless steel. The technology behind these centrifuges is relatively simple; most commonly, zone centrifuges are employed. Medical centrifuges separate and collect cells, viruses, and DNA molecules based on the density and gradient of the sample solution. Both sample loading and unloading are carried out continuously. Beyond their widespread use in industrial production processes, these centrifuges are now also extensively utilized as laboratory equipment. Thanks to the adoption of DC variable-frequency motors or brushless DC motors, their speeds are generally adjustable and can reach relatively high levels. To reduce the weight of the machine body and rotor drum, the outer casing is usually made of plastic or other non-reactive alloy materials, while the internal components are often fabricated from light alloys or other inert materials.
　　The centrifuge chamber of a medical centrifuge is a highly vacuum-sealed cavity composed of a protective casing, an inner cavity lined with a lead layer, a base plate, and an upper cover. The protective casing is made of armored steel and lined with a lead layer, which prevents fragments from scattering out of the centrifuge chamber in the event of accidental rotor rupture. The inner cavity is typically made of stainless steel or enamel, offering excellent corrosion resistance. A refrigeration pipe is wound around the outer surface of the inner cavity to help lower the temperature inside the centrifuge chamber. Some centrifuges are also equipped with electric heating wires on the outside of the bottom of the inner cavity, serving as auxiliary heating devices used for warming up the centrifuge, defrosting, and drying purposes. Inside the centrifuge chamber, there are temperature sensors, vacuum sensors, and speed sensors. Some models are also fitted with mechanical overspeed limiters—these are among the most fundamental components of a centrifuge, particularly in older models. Medical centrifuge The upper cover of the centrifuge chamber is equipped with a power switch; the motor can only be started once the chamber cover is closed, ensuring safety. The centrifuge chamber of the new model is fitted with an electromagnetic lock that secures the upper cover before the motor starts. The cover can only be opened after the centrifuge has completed its cycle, the rotor has come to a complete stop, and the internal pressure has been reduced to atmospheric pressure.
　　The medical centrifuge is a standard laboratory centrifuge widely used in scientific research, education, and production sectors such as biology, chemistry, and medicine. It is particularly suitable for the rapid separation and synthesis of small-volume samples. The workbench of the medical centrifuge should be flat and sturdy, while the working area must be neat, clean, dry, and well-ventilated. To start the centrifuge, turn on the power switch—the indicator light will illuminate. To shut down the centrifuge, turn off the power switch. Open the centrifuge lid and thoroughly wipe clean both the inner chamber and the rotor. Place test tubes of uniform weight into the rotor. Close the centrifuge lid. Set the timer, then turn on the power switch and adjust the speed control knob to the desired rotation speed. Before each shutdown, be sure to set the speed control knob to its minimum position, reset the timer to zero, and then turn off the power switch. Wipe clean the inner chamber and the rotor. Finally, close the centrifuge lid.
　　An important indicator for measuring the separation performance of medical centrifuges is the separation factor. It represents the ratio of the centrifugal force experienced by the material being separated to its gravitational force within the rotor. The higher the separation factor, the faster and more effective the separation typically is. Industrial centrifuges generally have separation factors ranging from 100 to 20,000; ultra-high-speed tubular separators can achieve separation factors as high as 62,000; and analytical ultracentrifuges can attain separation factors as high as 610,000. The determination... Medical centrifuge Another factor affecting processing capacity is the working area of the rotating drum—larger working areas correspond to greater processing capacities. In filter centrifuges and sedimentation centrifuges, the working surface around the circumference of the drum is primarily expanded by increasing the drum’s diameter. In separators, in addition to the circumferential wall of the drum, there are also additional working surfaces—for example, the discs in disc-stack separators and the inner cylinder in chamber separators—significantly increasing the effective sedimentation surface area.